ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT IN BIOCONSTRUCTION: SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATION FOR URBAN RESIDENCES

Abstract

Bioconstruction is presented as a sustainable alternative to conventional construction, using low-impact materials and bioclimatic design to reduce environmental damage and promote comfort. The objective of this study is to analyze sustainable solutions for urban housing that enhance energy efficiency and environmental comfort, considering technical, environmental, and social aspects. The adopted methodology is based on a bibliographic and qualitative approach, supported by critical analysis of books, articles, and technical standards, aiming to identify practices that contribute to reducing environmental impacts and improving housing performance. The results show that bioconstruction integrates principles of permaculture, the use of local and low-impact materials such as earth, bamboo, plastic wood, and reused tires, combined with bioclimatic design to optimize ventilation, lighting, and thermal insulation. Techniques such as rammed earth, adobe, and wattle and daub also stand out, as they improve thermal performance, reduce energy demand, and value traditional knowledge. However, barriers remain regarding the lack of standardization, incentives, and professional training, in addition to cultural prejudices. It is concluded that the adoption of bioconstruction in urban areas requires inclusive public policies, appreciation of ecological techniques, and cultural change, promoting more sustainable and habitable cities.