AUTOLOGOUS FAT GRAFTING IN RECONSTRUCTIVE PLASTIC SURGERY: EVIDENCE OF SAFETY AND DURABILITY

Abstract

Autologous fat grafting has emerged as a promising technique in reconstructive plastic surgery due to its ability to promote volumetric filling, tissue regeneration, and improvement in skin quality using the patient's own adipose tissue. This integrative review aimed to analyze the available scientific evidence on the safety and durability of this approach. Thirty-two studies published between 2013 and 2025, identified in international databases, which addressed technical, clinical, and biological aspects of the procedure were included. The results demonstrated a low rate of serious complications, with generally self-limiting adverse events, such as oily cysts and fat necrosis. Graft durability varied among studies, with volumetric retention rates of 30% to 80%, influenced by factors such as preparation technique, application plan, and characteristics of the recipient bed. It is concluded that autologous fat grafting is a safe and effective alternative in tissue reconstruction, as long as it is conducted with standardized techniques and individualized cases. New studies of high methodological quality are needed to consolidate clinical protocols and increase the predictability of results.