THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS FOR HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

Abstract

This research analyzes the social responsibility of transnational corporations for human rights violations, focusing on the evolution of international regulations and the legal mechanisms available at both the international and national levels. The main objective was to understand the existing regulatory advances and gaps in holding these corporations accountable, especially in light of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. The methodology adopted consisted of a bibliographic review and documentary analysis of international standards and national legislation, allowing the mapping of existing instruments and identification of their limitations in view of the complexity of global production chains. The results indicate that, although there are advances in voluntary standards, an effective binding international legal framework is still lacking. The research highlights the relevance of proposals such as Bill 572/2022 and Soft Law as a preventive instrument in Brazil, which can strengthen corporate accountability. The study also suggests the importance of comparative analyses with foreign legislation, in addition to improving the role of the Brazilian Judiciary. It is concluded that, despite progress, significant challenges remain to ensure the effectiveness of human rights in the face of transnational business activities, with the normative and institutional development of these laws being essential.