STRATEGIES FOR INFECTION PREVENTION IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS

Abstract

Introduction: Hospital-acquired infections are considered a global public health challenge, and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) stand out as critical environments due to the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the most effective strategies and practices for preventing infections in ICUs. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using the PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. Inclusion criteria included articles published between 2019 and 2024, available in Portuguese or English, open access, and addressing preventive strategies in ICUs. After screening and analysis, 12 relevant articles were included. Results and Discussion: The studies indicated that strategies such as proper hand hygiene, rational use of antimicrobials, control of invasive devices, use of prevention bundles, continuous training of the nursing staff, and adherence to evidence-based protocols are effective in reducing healthcare-associated infections. Challenges such as work overload, organizational resistance, and shortcomings in continuing education were also highlighted. Conclusion: Effective infection prevention in ICUs requires a multifactorial approach, with integrated actions, continuous training, and institutional commitment. The role of the nursing team and the strengthening of a safety culture are key to the success of the interventions.