BETWEEN FEAR AND HOPE: PSYCHOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO WOMEN STAYING IN ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS

Abstract

This article sought to investigate the complex web of psychological, economic and socio-cultural factors that contribute to women remaining in abusive relationships. Using a qualitative approach, based on an extensive review of national and international literature, documentary analysis and theoretical references on the cycle of violence, emotional dependence and coercive control, the study explores the dynamics that imprison victims. The results, supported by data such as that from the DataSenado 2023 Survey, point to the interconnection between fear of the aggressor, financial dependence, worries about the children, hope that the partner will change, shame at the aggression and lack of knowledge of rights as prevalent reasons for not breaking the cycle of violence. Factors such as the traumatic bond, low self-esteem exacerbated by the abuse, psychological manipulation or gaslighting and social and cultural pressures, including patriarchal norms and the lack of effective support networks, are discussed as crucial elements that make it difficult to leave the relationship. The conclusion is that overcoming this problem requires a multifaceted understanding and intersectoral actions that address both individual vulnerabilities and the social structures that perpetuate violence, recognizing the role of the state and support networks as fundamental, despite the existing challenges.