MANAGEMENT OF INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

It is crucial to classify newborns (NB) not only in relation to gestational age (preterm, term, and post-term) but also to assess their growth. This evaluation was based on somatic criteria, with weight being the most commonly used parameter. By combining the three categories related to gestational age (term, preterm, and post-term) with the three categories related to the adequacy of intrauterine growth (appropriate, small, or large), distinct categories of newborns emerge, each with their respective morbidities and mortalities. This study aims to analyze research that addresses the management of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The methodological approach of this work involves a compilation of bibliographic research with a qualitative and descriptive approach, conducted through an integrative literature review using the databases Google Scholar, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and Virtual Health Library (VHL). The search for articles was performed using the descriptors "Intrauterine growth," "Restriction," and "Management," with the Boolean operator "AND." In summary, premature termination of pregnancy through labor induction in cases of suspected IUGR does not reduce neonatal complications or the need for instrumental deliveries. It is noted that non-interventionist approaches can be safely monitored through fetal surveillance. Inducing labor is advisable only to prevent perinatal morbidity and fetal death. However, studies highlight relevant management strategies, such as corticosteroid therapy, obstetric ultrasound and fetal biophysical profile, amniotic fluid index, and Doppler velocimetry, to preserve fetal well-being. There are still disagreements regarding the clear identification of the most relevant management strategies for this process.