CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS: UNDERSTANDING THE CHALLENGES AND ADVANCES IN TREATMENT

Abstract

Cardiac amyloidosis is a rare condition with high morbidity and mortality, characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in cardiac tissues, compromising cardiac function. The most prevalent types are transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and AL amyloidosis, resulting from light chains of immunoglobulins. Symptoms range from heart failure to arrhythmias, often leading to late diagnoses. Diagnosis combines imaging tests, biomarkers, and tissue biopsies. Management depends on the type of amyloidosis, encompassing symptomatic and specific treatments to reduce or stabilize amyloid deposits. Recent therapeutic advances offer better prognostic prospects, emphasizing the importance of early identification and proper disease management. Multidisciplinary involvement is essential to ensure the implementation of individualized treatments. Furthermore, educational strategies can raise awareness and facilitate quicker diagnoses.