BEYOND THE AMAZON: THE DISPERSION AND IMPACTS OF OROPOUCHE FEVER IN BRAZIL

Abstract

This study analyzes the geographic expansion of Oropouche fever in Brazil, highlighting its impacts on public health. Oropouche fever is an emerging arbovirus caused by the Oropouche virus. The research, based on a bibliographical review, examined recent publications on the clinical, epidemiological and environmental aspects of the disease, also addressing epidemiological surveillance and gaps in scientific knowledge. The results show that disorderly urbanization, deforestation and climate change favored the spread of the virus to urban areas and regions outside the Amazon, increasing the risks of outbreaks and overloading health systems. The similarity of symptoms with other arboviruses, such as dengue and Zika, makes accurate diagnosis difficult, while the lack of widely available laboratory methods limits monitoring. Control strategies based on lessons from other arboviruses, such as awareness campaigns and integrated vector management, have potential, but require greater coordination and investment. Thus, Oropouche fever represents a growing challenge for Brazilian public health, requiring intersectoral efforts and additional research into the behavior of the virus and preventive measures. This study contributes to emphasizing the need for more effective public policies and suggests the adaptation of preventive strategies to urban contexts.