THE DIGITAL SKILLS NEEDED BY TEACHERS IN THE ERA OF EDUCATION 4.0

Abstract

This study investigates the fundamental technological competencies that teachers need to develop to effectively operate in the context of contemporary digital education. The main objective was to identify and analyze the essential technical and pedagogical skills for the successful integration of digital technologies in the teaching-learning process. The methodology employed consisted of a comprehensive literature review, using a qualitative approach to examine recent studies on the topic in recognized academic databases. The results indicated that teachers' technological competencies can be categorized into four main dimensions: technical proficiency in using digital tools, instructional design capability for virtual environments, digital learning facilitation skills, and critical understanding of digital pedagogy. The research also revealed significant challenges, such as the need for specific continuing education and the importance of adapting to rapid technological changes. The discussion addressed the implications of these findings for educational institutions and teacher professional development programs. It was concluded that the development of these competencies is crucial to ensure effective and relevant education in the 21st century. The implementation of structured technological training programs for teachers was recommended, as well as the creation of educational policies that support the continuous development of these essential skills.