CHRONIC PANCREATITIS: LITERATURE REVIEW ON ETIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS

Abstract

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammation of the pancreas that results in irreversible damage to endocrine and exocrine function, leading to metabolic dysfunction and digestive complications. The etiology of CP is associated with factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, autoimmune diseases, genetic and metabolic factors. The main symptoms include persistent abdominal pain, weight loss, steatorrhea and, eventually, diabetes. Early diagnosis is challenging and is often made through imaging tests, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as pancreatic function tests. In the last five years, advances in the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques have improved the clinical management of CP. This article reviews the recent literature on the causes, symptoms and diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary management to minimize complications and improve the quality of life of patients.