THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES AND PROGNOSIS IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons, resulting in muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Although there is no definitive cure, advances in therapeutic approaches have provided improvements in the quality of life and survival of patients. This study presents an integrative review of the main therapeutic strategies and the factors that influence the prognosis in ALS. The interventions addressed include the use of riluzole and edaravone, multidisciplinary therapies, ventilatory support, nutritional strategies and emerging approaches, such as gene and cell therapies. In addition, prognostic biomarkers and the impact of clinical and genetic variables on the evolution of the disease are discussed. It is concluded that personalized care, associated with scientific advances, is essential to optimize therapeutic results and offer better support to patients with ALS.