EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SEPSIS HOSPITALIZATIONS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL FROM 2018 TO 2023: TRENDS AND CLINICAL IMPACTS

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is a severe and prevalent syndrome characterized by a dysregulated response of the body to infection, resulting in high mortality rates. It imposes a significant burden on healthcare systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries, with a growing incidence rate. Objective: To analyze the incidence of hospital admissions due to sepsis, demographic characteristics, and the temporal evolution of deaths and hospital mortality rates in the southern region of Brazil, aiming to contribute to the improvement of public health policies. Methodology: A retrospective quantitative descriptive study was conducted using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) on sepsis admissions from 2018 to 2023. Variables analyzed include gender, age, race, length of stay, and mortality rate. Incomplete records and records from other regions were excluded. Data were tabulated and analyzed in Microsoft Excel®. Results: A total of 137,790 hospital admissions were recorded, with a predominance of male patients and the age group of 70 to 79 years. Rio Grande do Sul had the highest prevalence of cases, followed by Paraná and Santa Catarina. Hospital mortality rates showed a decreasing trend due to improvements in sepsis management. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of sepsis among elderly and male patients, with a gradual reduction in hospital stays and mortality rates over the years. These findings underscore the importance of early interventions and the development of effective policies for sepsis management.