MOLAR HYPOMINERALIZATION: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Abstract

This article aimed to investigate the molar-incisive hypomineralization (MMI), diagnosis and dental treatments more indicated, as well as understand the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its incidence. Given the increase in the diagnosis of HMI in dental offices, it was asked about the most effective treatment for patients diagnosed with this condition, considering the fragility of the tooth enamel and the associated complications, as sensitivity and increased risk of caries. A literature review was carried out with a qualitative approach, analyzing relevant scientific studies found in reliable databases. The results showed that HMI is characterized by changes in enamel structure, which can lead to fractures, hypersensitivity and increased susceptibility to dental caries. Environmental and genetic factors, such as high fevers, excessive use of medicines and neonatal complications, influence the development of the pathology, affecting the maturation of enamel and making teeth more vulnerable to fractures and carious lesions. Treatment ranges from preventive approaches, such as the use of fluoride and sealants, to restorative interventions, with materials such as glass ionomer and composite resin. In the final considerations, the treatment of HMI should be individualized, taking into account the severity of the condition, the age of the patient and their expectations. Options include preventive and restorative treatments, with emphasis on minimal removal of affected tissue and maintenance of the dental structure. Early diagnosis is fundamental for the effectiveness of treatment, and the literature still lacks consensus on best practices, highlighting the need for more research.