BENEFITS OF HYDROTHERAPY IN THE ELDERLY: IMPACT ON PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL ASPECTS

Abstract

Introduction: Hydrotherapy, or aquatic physical therapy, is a therapeutic method that uses water at various temperatures and forms of application to rehabilitate bodily functions, taking advantage of its physical, chemical, physiological, and kinesiological effects. Objective: This project analyzes the importance of hydrotherapy in the physical and emotional aspects of the elderly, in the context of the growing elderly population in Brazil, which demands attention for healthy aging, as the increase in longevity is associated with a higher number of chronic diseases. Methodology: To investigate the benefits of hydrotherapy in the elderly, a systematic literature review was conducted, with bibliographic research in the PubMed database. Randomized clinical trials, controlled trials, and systematic reviews published between 2015 and 2024 that evaluated the efficacy of hydrotherapy in elderly individuals with conditions such as osteoarthritis and emotional limitations, such as anxiety and depression, were included. The selection of studies was performed by two reviewers independently, with the assessment of methodological quality using appropriate tools. Results: The results showed that hydrotherapy promotes significant improvements in the physical capacities of the elderly, including balance, muscle strength, and mobility, in addition to being effective in pain management, especially in conditions such as osteoarthritis. Positive impacts on emotional aspects were also observed, such as stress reduction and increased self-esteem, favored by the aquatic environment and the socialization provided during sessions. Conclusion: is concluded that hydrotherapy is an effective intervention that not only improves physical function and alleviates pain but also contributes to the mental health and quality of life of the elderly. Despite the advantages of land-based exercises, aquatic exercises stand out as particularly beneficial for individuals with mobility limitations. The continuation of comparative studies is essential to consolidate evidence and allow personalized interventions, making hydrotherapy It a valuable strategy for promoting health and well-being in elderly populations and those with chronic conditions.