IMPACT OF METABOLIC SURGERY ON TYPE 2 DIABETES CONTROL: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Metabolic surgery has emerged as an effective approach in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly in patients with obesity. This study presents an integrative review with the aim of evaluating the impact of this intervention on the control of T2DM, analyzing the underlying metabolic mechanisms, the efficacy in disease remission and the long-term benefits. Studies published between 2010 and 2023 were selected, using databases such as PubMed, Scopus and LILACS. The results demonstrated that metabolic surgery, especially gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, contributes significantly to the improvement of glycemic control, with high rates of T2DM remission. In addition, the effects of surgery go beyond weight loss, involving hormonal changes that improve insulin sensitivity. However, long-term follow-up is essential to manage possible nutritional complications and ensure the maintenance of results. This study reinforces the relevance of metabolic surgery as a viable and safe intervention for the control of T2DM in selected patients. Keywords: Metabolic surgery, Type 2 diabetes, Glycemic control.