IMPACT OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS ON PREGNANT WOMEN: OBSTETRIC APPROACHES AND CLINICAL CARE

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis, a chronic autoimmune disease, predominantly affects women of childbearing age and can have significant implications during pregnancy. This condition is characterized by progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, resulting in a complex interplay of symptoms that can complicate maternal and fetal health. During pregnancy, women with systemic sclerosis face additional risks, including high blood pressure, fetal growth restriction, and obstetric complications. The obstetric approach should be careful, considering the severity of the disease, the need for continuous monitoring, and management strategies that prioritize the health of both mother and baby. Objective: To explore the impact of systemic sclerosis on pregnant women, addressing the obstetric interventions and clinical care required. Methodology: The research used the PRISMA checklist and was based on articles published in the last ten years, extracted from the PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases. Five main descriptors were used: Scleroderma, Rheumatic disease, Preeclampsia, Hypertension and Kidney disease. The inclusion criteria were: studies focused on pregnant women with systemic sclerosis, peer-reviewed articles and research that presented relevant clinical data. The exclusion criteria were: studies that did not directly address pregnancy, articles in languages ​​other than Portuguese and English, and research with small sample sizes that compromise the generalization of the results. Results: The analysis revealed that pregnant women with systemic sclerosis had a higher risk of complications, such as gestational hypertension and fetal growth restriction. The need for intensive monitoring was highlighted, as well as the importance of multidisciplinary management. Specific interventions, such as the use of medications and adaptation of prenatal care, were recommended to optimize maternal and child health. Conclusion: Systemic sclerosis during pregnancy requires a careful and coordinated approach to minimize risks and ensure better outcomes. Understanding the complications and rigorous clinical follow-up are essential to provide a healthy pregnancy for women affected by this condition.