ACTIVE AGGRESSORS IN BRAZILIAN SCHOOLS: ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION PROPOSALS FOR SCHOOLS IN PARANÁ

Abstract

This article analyzes school attacks in Brazil from 2001 to July 2024, beginning with a comprehensive compilation of incidents involving active aggressors in school settings across the country. The research highlights the weapons used by the attackers, allowing for a comparison with similar attacks in the United States, where significant differences in aggressor profiles and social context are observed. The discussion then focuses on school attacks in Paraná, exploring their specificities, the challenges faced, and ongoing initiatives. The international "Run, Hide, Fight" response protocol, created in the United States, is presented as a general tool for dealing with such attacks and is also used in training programs in Paraná. The article further proposes specific solutions to mitigate the impacts of these events in the state’s schools, evaluating the national measures from the Ministry of Education (MEC) concerning their local applicability. Suggested structural protection measures include the use of barricades in classrooms, the creation of "safe rooms," and the use of monitoring technology, alongside psychological prevention, social support, and integration with local security forces. These measures are considered essential for enhancing safety in educational institutions.