HOSPITAL INFECTIONS, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND NURSING STAFF CARE WITHIN THE HOSPITAL UNIT: FOCUS ON THE EMERGENCY ROOM (ER)

Abstract

Hospital infections (HI) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are critical challenges for public health, affecting morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs. This work explores the performance of nursing professionals in the emergency room (ER), focusing on the prevention and management of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB). In the dynamic environment of the ER, efficient triage and initial assessment are essential to identify severe conditions and implement immediate isolation measures. Nurses play a vital role in collecting information and prioritizing patients. The prevention of HI in the ER requires rigorous infection control practices, such as hand hygiene before and after patient contact. The correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is crucial to protect healthcare professionals and patients, minimizing the transmission of infections. Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and medical equipment are fundamental to control MDRB. Frequently touched surfaces should be disinfected regularly with products effective against MDRB. The occupational safety of nursing professionals in the ER is critical. The provision of adequate PPE, continuous training, and psychological support are essential to cope with stress and intense workload. This study concludes that the prevention and control of HI and the mitigation of AMR in the ER require a joint effort from the entire health team, highlighting the crucial role of nurses. The implementation of evidence-based practices and ensuring occupational safety are essential to effectively address these challenges.