CONDUCT DISORDER AND OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER: PSYCHOSOCIAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN THE INTERVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DEFIANT BEHAVIORS

Abstract

Introduction: Childhood and adolescence are periods of intense change, making young people vulnerable to harmful factors, such as family problems and violence. ODD, characterized by disobedience and hostility toward authority figures, is one of the main causes of seeking mental health care and can result in serious problems if not treated appropriately. The objectives of the study include analyzing the characteristics of the disorders, their impacts, and the psychosocial and pharmacological interventions used, in addition to evaluating the effectiveness of treatment strategies in promoting healthy development. Methodology: narrative review of scientific articles published in the last ten years on ODD and conduct disorder, searching for psychosocial and pharmacological interventions in the SciELO and PubMed databases. Results: The results indicate that ODD affects 2% to 16% of children, and is a condition that requires interventions to prevent its progression to more serious disorders. The studies reviewed showed the importance of family elements in the manifestation of ODD symptoms, highlighting family cohesion and adaptability, as well as the parent-child relationship as mediators of these symptoms. Furthermore, the impact of parental emotional health and physical discipline have been associated with increased ODD symptoms. Suggested interventions involve therapeutic approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), parental training, and, in some cases, the use of medications to control specific symptoms. Conclusion: It is important to emphasize that early intervention, involving both the family and health professionals, is essential to minimize the negative effects of ODD and conduct disorder, promoting more resilient development. Evidence-based interventions, combined with strengthening family bonds and psychosocial support, are essential to ensure a positive impact on the lives of young people and prevent the progression of these disorders to more serious conditions.