PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION OF HEALTH AND HOSPITALS: A LOOK AT THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS AND HEALTH MODELS

Abstract

The advances in science, medical knowledge, and technology over the centuries have been fundamental factors in determining the historical evolution of hospitals. From the 18th century to the present days, many changes have taken place in care models and in the building itself, influenced by the industrial revolutions and the emergence of new health concepts. This study aims to describe the process of transformation of health and hospitals, focusing on the developments that have taken place since the industrial revolutions and the transition from Healthcare 1.0 to Healthcare 4.0. The methodological approach consists of exploratory research based on a literature review. Hospital buildings have undergone a revolution over the centuries, from a hospital with a structure of separation and exclusion of the sick from society, through the therapeutic hospital focused on diagnosis and cure, to the 21st century with the technological hospital focused on people's recovery and based on a humanized, sensitive and human-centered architecture. The future is uncertain, but it is possible to envision hospital structures combining humans and technology in favor of quality healthcare aimed at preventing illness, making spaces that promote quality of life.