SURGICAL TREATMENT OF KLIPPEL-TRENAUNAY SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: DERMATOLOGICAL APPROACHES AND VASCULAR SURGERY

Abstract

Introduction: Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is a rare vascular condition, often characterized by venous and lymphatic malformations and bone anomalies, which can affect the quality of life of children. The treatment of this syndrome is multifaceted, involving dermatological and surgical interventions, aiming to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Clinical manifestations may include hemangiomas, skin hyperpigmentation and varicose veins, resulting in pain and discomfort. Surgical approach, when indicated, is essential for the management of associated complications, allowing a significant improvement in the aesthetics and functionality of the affected limbs. Objective: To analyze the surgical and dermatological approaches in the treatment of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome in children, emphasizing the results and the most effective techniques in recent years. Methodology: The PRISMA checklist was used to conduct the review, searching the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases. Five descriptors were used: "Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome", "surgical treatment", "vascular surgery", "dermatological intervention" and "children". The inclusion criteria were: articles published in the last 10 years, studies focusing on surgical and dermatological treatment of the syndrome in children and peer-reviewed texts. The following were excluded: articles that did not specifically address children, studies with unclear methodologies and non-systematic reviews. Results: The results showed that the surgical approach, including sclerotherapy and vein ligation, demonstrated efficacy in reducing complications associated with the syndrome. In addition, dermatological interventions, such as the treatment of vascular lesions, contributed to improving quality of life. Combined techniques often presented more satisfactory results, with multidisciplinary management being essential. Conclusion: The analysis indicated that surgical treatment of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome in children is complex and should be personalized. Dermatological and vascular interventions, when used together, have shown promise in improving symptoms and aesthetics. Current literature has reinforced the importance of careful planning and an integrated approach to optimize therapeutic outcomes.