CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PERIPARTUM CARDIOMYOPATHY: CLINICAL AND SURGICAL APPROACHES IN OBSTETRICS

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications during pregnancy represent a significant challenge in obstetric practice, especially in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy, a condition that affects cardiac function in late pregnancy or in the postpartum period. This pathology can lead to serious consequences for maternal and fetal health, requiring a careful and multidisciplinary approach. Understanding the complications associated with this condition, including heart failure and arrhythmias, is essential to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Clinical and surgical management should consider factors such as the severity of cardiomyopathy, the hemodynamic status of the pregnant woman, and fetal viability, emphasizing the importance of continuous monitoring and early interventions. Objective: To analyze the clinical and surgical approaches applied to pregnant women with peripartum cardiomyopathy, highlighting cardiovascular complications and their implications for obstetric management. Methodology: The research was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist, using the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases. The five descriptors selected were "peripartum cardiomyopathy", "pregnancy", "cardiovascular complications", "obstetric management" and "surgical interventions". Strict criteria were applied for the inclusion and exclusion of studies, seeking to ensure the relevance and quality of the evidence. Results: Studies that addressed cardiovascular complications in pregnant women were included, showing that heart failure and arrhythmias were the most frequently reported problems. Clinical interventions, such as drug therapy and intensive monitoring, were highlighted, as well as surgical options in selected cases. The literature showed that multidisciplinary management was essential to optimize results, emphasizing collaboration between cardiologists and obstetricians. Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications in pregnant women with peripartum cardiomyopathy required a careful and integrated approach, which proved effective in reducing risks for both mothers and fetuses. The reviewed literature reinforced the need for rigorous monitoring and personalized interventions, with the aim of improving clinical outcomes and ensuring safety in the obstetric context.