CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF LONG-TERM USE OF SGLT2 INHIBITORS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Abstract

Long-term use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This integrative review assessed the clinical outcomes associated with long-term use of these medications, focusing on CKD progression, cardiovascular health, and adverse effects. The analysis included randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and recent meta-analyses. The results demonstrated that SGLT2i are effective in reducing CKD progression and improving renal function, in addition to offering significant benefits for cardiovascular health, such as reducing hospitalizations for heart failure and cardiovascular mortality. The most common adverse effects include urinary and genital tract infections and episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, which were generally manageable. The findings indicate that SGLT2i are a valuable therapeutic option for patients with T2D and CKD, providing important improvements in clinical outcomes and suggest the need for continuous monitoring to optimize the management of these patients.