ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS MODELS USED IN DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND THE ENERGY MARKET IN BRAZIL

Abstract

The expansion of renewable energy use has transformed the vision of the electricity sector, leading to a more diversified grid and the introduction of distributed generation (DG), which has brought new technical, regulatory, and market challenges. This paper analyzes the progress of DG in Brazil, highlighting the importance of technological innovations and public policies in promoting renewable energy. It explores the development of the Brazilian electricity sector since the 2000s and the regulation of DG by resolution REN 482/2012, comparing Brazil with global leaders such as China, the United States, Japan, and Germany. The study also addresses the regulated and free  contracting environments in Brazil and their impacts on energy trading, with data from 2023, evidencing the significant growth of DG, especially in wind and solar energy. The research, based on literature reviews and case studies, shows that an efficient business model is essential to maximize the benefits of DG. In addition, it examines different models, such as utility-side and third-party, and Brazil's position in the global context, highlighting its potential and challenges, especially regulatory ones. It concludes that, despite the potential for expansion of DG in Brazil, the country faces barriers that require more flexible regulations to promote new technologies and the growth of the sector.