STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THE LIFESTYLE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES

Abstract

To evaluate the effectiveness and compare protocols and approaches to changing lifestyle in patients with chronic diseases. This is a cross-sectional study in which the Regional Portal databases of the Virtual Health Library Brazil (VHL) and the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) were used, considering the descriptors “Life Style”, “Psychosocial Intervention” and “Behavior”. Articles published in the last 2 years (2021-2023) of controlled clinical trials and observational studies were included. Incomplete, repeated articles, without results and out of date were excluded, resulting in 17 articles analyzed. 16 interventions evaluated the factors disease control and/or physical exercise and/or weight loss and 1 evaluated the form of intervention itself. Only 2 interventions assessed the 3 factors simultaneously, with only 1 obtaining a significant result. The other interventions evaluated associated or isolated factors, with the majority having significant results for their factors in the intervention group. As only 1 group presented a positive outcome in the 3 factors, it is not possible to generalize the results as there are variations regarding the methodology and mainly regarding the genesis of chronic diseases, requiring new approaches in order to obtain such generalization.