ALLERGY TO COW'S MILK PROTEIN: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is defined as an adverse reaction mediated by the immune system to proteins present in cow's milk. There are two main types of CMPA: IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated. The IgE-mediated form is generally faster in its manifestation, with symptoms appearing minutes to a few hours after consuming milk. The non-IgE-mediated form has a later presentation, with symptoms that can take hours or days to develop. This narrative literature review brought together articles published in the last five years in the PUBMED and SciELO databases, aiming to indicate the main risk factors for the development of CMPA. It was concluded that the main risk factors for the development of CMPA are related to: genetic factors, environmental exposure, dietary factors and route of delivery due to the microbiota.