EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF LIVE BIRTHS WITH CONGENITAL ANOMALIES IN THE STATE OF GOIÁS, BRAZIL: AN ANALYSIS OF 2021 DATA

Abstract

The study conducted in Goiás in 2021, analyzing live births with anomalies, highlights significant relationships between maternal variables and birth characteristics. Identifying patterns in the occurrence of anomalies, especially concerning maternal age, underscores the need to better understand the influencing factors of these conditions.

The observation that mothers between 25 and 29 years old have the highest incidence of live births with anomalies raises questions about possible hormonal or environmental correlations in this age group. Simultaneously, the lower occurrence in younger mothers and the gradual increase in older ages emphasize the complexity of this relationship, requiring further in-depth investigations.The association between gestational duration and the presence of anomalies underscores the importance of the gestational period for fetal development. The predominance of anomalies in preterm births points to potential vulnerabilities in this group, indicating the need for specific prenatal care strategies for higher-risk pregnancies.

The analysis of maternal education as an influencing factor in the incidence of anomalies raises questions about socioeconomic inequalities and access to health information. The correlation between lower education and a higher incidence of anomalies highlights the need for educational and health interventions in more vulnerable communities.

The crucial role of adequate prenatal care and regular medical monitoring highlights the importance of the healthcare system in preventing and early detecting anomalies. The association between quality prenatal care and a lower incidence of anomalies emphasizes the effectiveness of preventive measures and suggests pathways for improvements in maternal and child health services.