USE OF PENICILLIN IN ALLERGIC PATIENTS

Abstract

Antibiotics are pharmacological agents used in drug therapy against various biological pathogens. Penicillins are part of the beta-lactam class. The rational and/or irrational use of penicillins can cause the appearance of various allergic effects. These allergic effects are triggered by stimulation of the immune system. Clinical pharmacy is directly linked to pharmaceutical care, focusing on the patient. The objective of this article is to carry out an integrative review of the literature on the topic: use of penicillin in allergic patients. A bibliographic survey was carried out in the Scielo, LILACS, LA Reference and PubMed databases, from January 2013 to July 2023, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. 15 publications were found that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis of publications demonstrated that penicillins are part of the beta-lactam class and are small molecules (<1000Da) whose interaction with the immune system can be explained by three hypotheses, namely: the hapten hypothesis, the “danger” hypothesis ” and the pharmacological interaction hypothesis. Another fact to be mentioned is the production of cross-reaction with other types of beta-lactam drugs. The clinical pharmacy aims to carry out educational activities, which provide patients with conditions to better understand their illness and therapeutic treatment, providing better results. It is concluded that the clinical pharmacist is responsible for the application of pharmaceutical care, which aims to promote health, preventing and monitoring adverse events, intervening and contributing to the prescription of medications to obtain positive clinical results, improving quality of life. of the patient.