THE ROLE OF HALLUCINOGENS IN THE TREATMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS AND THEIR RELEVANCE IN PSYCHIATRY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of psychedelic therapy as a potential approach for psychiatric treatments, aiming at mental health, exploring its historical roots, neurobiological foundations, and clinical outcomes. The literature review reveals that psychedelic substances, such as psilocybin and MDMA (ecstasy), demonstrate promising therapeutic potential for disorders like depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. The evidence highlights the ability of these substances to induce altered states of consciousness, which in turn facilitate beneficial insights and introspective transformations. These changes are grounded in neurobiological alterations, including modifications in brain connectivity and emotional circuits. However, ethical and regulatory obstacles still limit the widespread adoption of these therapies. Personalizing the treatment, taking individual characteristics and clinical contexts into account, emerges as a crucial aspect to be considered. The discussion emphasizes the importance of a critical and balanced assessment of the benefits and challenges of this innovative approach. In conclusion, it becomes evident that psychedelic therapy has the potential to become a promising option in the field of mental health. However, this requires ongoing research efforts, a judicious regulatory approach, and responsible integration into clinical practice.