CONVERSION DISORDER: A DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGE

Abstract

Conversion Disorder (CD) is a psychological condition characterized by the manifestation of physical symptoms without an identifiable medical cause. These symptoms can encompass various presentations, such as paralysis, blindness, seizures, and loss of sensation, often arising following stressful or traumatic events. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the disorder by exploring updates regarding its clinical aspects, epidemiology, risk factors, differential diagnosis, and therapies, in order to facilitate a proper understanding of the condition. Several findings have been made regarding the pathophysiological theories, but the specific etiology of CD still remains incomprehensible. Diagnosing the disorder is challenging and requires meticulous exclusion of underlying medical conditions, as well as identification of psychosocial factors that play a significant role in the symptomatology. Treatment should be multidisciplinary, encompassing psychotherapy, physical interventions, and integrative approaches, with a focus on understanding and resolving underlying emotional conflicts, in addition to medical support for managing the psychological presentation. Prognosis varies, but early intervention and appropriate therapeutic management can enhance the quality of life for patients affected by the disorder. Nevertheless, despite these diagnostic advances, further research is still needed for a complete and precise understanding of this clinical condition.