THE INCLUSION OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN A REGULAR PUBLIC SCHOOL CLASSROOM - A CASE STUDY

Abstract

School Inclusion consists of a process that transforms society, more specifically the school community, through changes in physical environments and changes in people's attitudes and conceptions about this subject, including the person with a physical disability. There were great advances in this context, such as the implementation of laws that ensure the rights of people with disabilities. However, for the full implementation of said legislation there is a need for time and, as it is a process, the necessary changes do not occur immediately and, observing the global context, it is verified that there are still many school units that impose resistance to the inclusion of children with disabilities in the regular classroom. Based on this issue, the main objective of this research was to study, identify, analyze and understand facts related to the inclusion of people with physical disabilities in school. As references of this study stand out: Laplane (2018); Pacheco (2016); Munhoz; Lima (2015); Araújo (2016); Brazil. Law No. 13,146, 2015, Brazil, Brazilian Law for Inclusion of People with Disabilities (2015); Cunha (2015), Sanches Neto, (2017); Gil apud Yin, (2015, 2011, 2019); Mantoan (2010, 2013, 2015, 2017) Lakatos, Marconi (2011), among others. The field research was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire in order to collect perceptions and opinions about the process of including people with disabilities in the regular classroom and the relative difficulties faced by administrators, teachers and other actors in education. The object of study was the municipal public school Santa Isabel, located in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. According to the opinions and perceptions collected in this research in the form of a case study, the fundamental challenges of the Santa Isabel school are: Promoting integration with a partnership between family and school so that it can obtain better and greater possibilities of success regarding what do it in contact with students with disabilities and, in this way, involve them with quality in the teaching-learning process; Promote continuing education for all professionals at the school that is the object of this study so that they learn how to better deal with everyone in the context of an inclusive school; Improve spaces with adapted materials and create adequate access for students with disabilities; Recognize and promote the appreciation of professionals who deal with large classes that include students with disabilities; Demand the creation of better municipal public policies to care for and support the context of inclusion in schools, such as companions and appropriate materials for wheelchair users, building more access to environmental, digital and social inclusion. Finally, there is the intention that the present study will help other works with the theme of inclusion in public school and that it can promote other pertinent discussions and reflections as a way of encouraging the many other studies that aim to contribute to a better understanding of the challenges of the person with disability, the challenges faced by managers, teachers and other education actors at schools that work with inclusion. It is also important to infer that the aforementioned study will be forwarded to the Secretariat of Education of the city of Fortaleza and to Escola Municipal Santa Isabel so that they are aware of the objective of this work, which is to contribute significantly to other research in municipal public schools whose contexts address problems, challenges and solutions. that need to be incubated during the elaboration and execution of public policies aimed at Inclusive Education.