THE INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOANALYSIS ON THE REALITY OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOL IN A CASE STUDY: THE EXISTENTIAL ANXIECES OF STUDENTS IN THE AGE GROUP OF 10 -14 YEARS OLD

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to encourage reflections on the “I” in the midst of striking contemporary social problems that have been harmfully affecting the development of children and adolescents. The investigative material used in the present research had the objective of communicating some perceptions in this sense, obtained from interviews with parents and education actors who work in municipal public school(s) in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. This research was carried out in a school community composed of professional educators and families of regularly enrolled students. For this work to be developed, a sample of children between 10 and 14 years of age with the most diverse characteristics was delimited as the scope of the research, such as: lack of interest in their life and their future; reports of suicide; bodily mutilations and deterioration of healthy thinking in the sense of resisting and mitigating failures in their lives. These situations were verified based on the author's engagement in the “Specialized Educational Service Project, a Special Education service: The School Learning with Differences”. The aforementioned service is guaranteed by Laws of the 1988 Federal Constitution of Brazil. The present study was based on Sigmund Freud, Lacan, Nietzsche, among other icons that contributed to the foundations of Psychoanalysis. The psychoanalytical actions carried out and communicated on this site were supported by the management of the school that was the object of this study, education professionals and family members/caregivers. The modus operandi took place through conversation circles, collective and individual reflections, carried out in a closed room environment where several videos were exposed with reports of experiences of people with disabilities or physical or psychological disabilities, but who developed their lives with autonomy and independence, being able to challenge themselves and live fully in their social environment. In the course of these actions, it was observed that the experiences with the conversation circles, individual reflections and listening to everyone in the groups was a means of subsidizing significant changes in the behavior of some participants. The children and adolescents who participated in this experience showed improvement in their learning, revealing greater interest in participating in school activities proposed by their mediators, reacting with desirable behaviors linked to their age and school grade. There were also signs of improvement in mental health, greater tolerance and improvement in the ability to understand oneself and accept others with their difficulties. It was also noticed that the work carried out at the school object of this study helped the participant to have a greater understanding of himself in view of his abilities, skills and/or limitations. Finally, it is concluded that promoting greater reflections and thoughts about possible changes based on the studies carried out in the Training Course in Clinical Psychoanalysis, considering the relevant theoretical framework in Sigmund Freud and post-Freudians, are actions that help to prevent damage to children and adolescents, communicative or even attempts to withdraw from their own lives according to the anguish reported by each one, in this age range or phase.