THE EVOLUTION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES' RIGHTS IN THE FACE OF CLIMATE CHANGE: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

This article conducts a comparative legal analysis of the evolution of indigenous peoples' rights in the face of climate change. The introduction emphasizes the importance of recognizing the disproportionate impact of climate change on indigenous peoples due to their intimate relationship with land and natural resources. The objectives of this research are to examine the evolution of indigenous peoples' rights in the international and national legal spheres, identifying key legal norms and instruments that address the protection of their rights in the context of climate change. The adopted methodology comprises a documentary analysis of international treaties, regional conventions, and national legislations that address indigenous rights and climate change. Additionally, selected case studies are examined to illustrate the practical application of these norms in different geographical contexts. The results reveal significant advancements in the protection of indigenous peoples' rights, recognizing their contribution to environmental conservation and the need for their effective participation in decisions related to climate change. However, challenges persist, particularly regarding the implementation and enforcement of these rights at the national level. In conclusion, the continuous importance of strengthening the rights of indigenous peoples in the face of climate change is emphasized, encouraging the full implementation of existing legal norms and the development of public policies that promote their participation and empowerment. These actions are crucial to ensuring the protection of indigenous peoples, respecting their culture and traditional knowledge, as well as environmental preservation for future generations.