THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN AQUACULTURE

Abstract

Brazil is a country with enormous potential for aquaculture production, standing out for the importance of fish farming as one of the most promising food production industries at both the national and global levels. However, the increasing intensification of fish production has been accompanied by the use of antibiotics, both for prophylaxis and the treatment of bacterial diseases. Nevertheless, this indiscriminate and excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture brings significant concerns, including the development of bacterial resistance and negative impacts on the environment. In light of this issue, the present study aims to conduct a literature review, addressing the various aspects of antibiotic use in Brazilian aquaculture. Furthermore, it seeks to analyze the main bacterial diseases affecting aquaculture, identify the bacterial agents involved, understand bacterial resistance that may arise due to antibiotic use, and the environmental impacts resulting from this practice. Additionally, it aims to explore viable and sustainable alternatives to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Thus, this study reinforces the importance of responsible antibiotic management in aquaculture as a critical factor in maintaining a balance between fish health, food safety, and the preservation of aquatic ecosystems. A comprehensive understanding of these issues is essential to guide more sustainable policies and practices in the Brazilian aquaculture industry, ensuring its long-term prosperity.

Keywords: Aquaculture. Antibiotic. Bacterial resistance.