NEUROPRAXIA RESULTING FROM A PANFACIAL FRACTURE

Abstract

This article aimed to investigate the neurological implications of panfacial fractures, emphasizing neuropraxia as classified by Seddon and Sunderland. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific articles, books, and dissertations published between 2006 and 2025, retrieved from SciELO, PubMed, BVS, Google Scholar, and NIH databases. The findings indicate that panfacial fractures, typically resulting from traffic accidents, physical assaults, occupational injuries, and firearm-related trauma, frequently affect the infraorbital, inferior alveolar, and mental nerves. Clinical evaluation combined with electroneuromyography and imaging exams proved essential for determining the degree of neural impairment. The results suggest that early diagnosis and conservative management play a decisive role in functional and sensory recovery, reinforcing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in cases of panfacial trauma. In conclusion, understanding the mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury and recovery is essential for improving patient outcomes and guiding future clinical and research efforts.