ACTIVE METHODOLOGIES IN TEACHING STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the role of active methodologies in the teaching and learning process, with a special focus on students who face learning difficulties. Initially, it discusses the transformations that have occurred in education in recent decades, driven by technological advances, increased access to schooling, and the growing diversity within classrooms. These changes highlight the limitations of traditional teaching, which relies on memorization and the centralization of knowledge in the teacher, reinforcing the need for more dynamic, participatory, and meaningful pedagogical practices.The text then presents different strategies of active methodologies, such as problem-based learning and project-based learning, flipped classrooms, inquiry-based learning, case studies, gamification, station rotation, and the use of digital resources. Each of these practices is described to show how they contribute to the development of autonomy, critical thinking, collaboration, and active student participation. The role of the teacher as a mediator and the interaction among students are also emphasized as essential elements for making learning more contextualized and connected to real-life situations.The study demonstrates that active methodologies can significantly support students with learning difficulties by providing flexible, varied, and accessible activities that respect different learning paces and styles. When students actively participate and receive continuous support, they show increased motivation, strengthened self-esteem, and more consistent progress. Therefore, the study concludes that active methodologies are essential for promoting a more inclusive, humanized, and contemporary education aligned with the current demands of schools and society.