UNRAVELING BLOOD GROUPS: AN EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE IN HIGH SCHOOL

Abstract

The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1900, but it was not initially used for issues related to hemolytic transfusions. The solution to this problem awaited the discovery of the Rh factor, which occurred in 1937 by Wiener and Landsteiner, being fundamental also to elucidate the cause of perinatal hemolytic disease. This study aimed to propose the use of blood groups and their characteristics to understand how blood transfusions work in everyday practical situations. The methodology consisted of a theoretical review on antigens, antibodies, and blood groups, followed by a ludic activity called blood compatibility, in which students used representative cards and clinical case cards simulating donation scenarios. The results showed student engagement, interest, and better understanding of the concepts involved. It is concluded that active methodologies, such as ludic activities, make genetics teaching more dynamic and meaningful, fostering critical and applied learning.