CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN: UPDATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly affects infants and children, characterized by intense itching and skin lesions. This summary addresses updates and recommendations for the clinical management of atopic dermatitis in this population group. Treatment strategies include general skin care measures such as regular moisturizing and the use of emollients, as well as avoiding triggers such as irritants and allergens. Patient and family education plays a fundamental role in understanding the disease and adherence to treatment. The use of topical corticosteroids is the main therapy to control skin inflammation, and it is essential to choose the appropriate formulation and potency according to the severity of the disease and the patient's age. Therapeutic alternatives include topical immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, which are particularly useful in sensitive areas and in the treatment of acute exacerbations. For more severe and refractory cases, systemic treatment may be necessary, including systemic corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and biologic agents. However, the use of these therapies must be carefully evaluated due to the associated risks, especially in infants and children, and their prescription must be individualized. Research continues to be carried out to develop new therapies and management strategies for atopic dermatitis, with a focus on specific treatments for infants and children. Collaboration between healthcare professionals, researchers and patients is essential to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients affected by this chronic skin condition.