THE MAIN APPROACHES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION

Abstract

Depression is a disease that affects about 4.4% of the population and is considered one of the diseases that most incapacitate individuals in the world. Among the various forms of treatment, there is the possibility of its treatment combined with psychotherapy, which, in turn, has several approaches to access the patient's demands. The main of this research is to identify which approach of psychotherapy has been shown to be more effective in the treatment of depression. Methodology: A review of the bibliography was carried out, consulting the indexed databases SciElo, Lilacs and Medline, in the period from 2012 to 2022. The inclusion criteria were national articles, in the periods of the last ten years and that were in Portuguese. Results: it was found that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy was identified with a greater focus on results, probably arising from a greater number of published works, while the other psychotherapies were also effective when combined with pharmacology. Conclusion: Several approaches to psychotherapeutic treatments that brought benefits to patients were identified, resulting in a decrease in depressive symptoms among the studied subjects, as well as in the evaluated studies. New international literature review research is essential, with the purpose of mapping the different most effective and assertive psychotherapeutic methodologies for the different levels of severity and need of the patient affected by the depressive disorder.