EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF VIRAL POLIOMYELITIS IN BRAZIL IN THE LAST FIVE

Abstract

Poliomyelitis is a viral disease, currently eradicated in Brazil, which has fecal-oral transmission and in its severe form can cause sequelae such as paralysis. Currently, the low vaccination coverage in the country has put the eradication at risk. Therefore, to analyze its epidemiology, data collection was carried out at the Department of Informatics of the Sistema Unificado de Saúde (DATASUS) and the Hospital Information System of the SUS (SIH/SIS) of the Ministry of Health associated with a literature review. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the panorama of viral poliomyelitis in Brazil, in the last five years, from the collection of data such as hospitalizations, mortality rate, age group, sex and race. Under this method, the information, based on the DATASUS system, was evaluated in order to identify the epidemiological profile of the pathology in the country. From this, it was possible to discuss the sequelae of this pathology and its impact on the public health system, as well as the possibility of an increase in the number of cases due to low vaccination coverage. From this, it was possible to conclude that currently the age group most affected by sequelae is 40 to 59 years old, male and mixed race. Therefore, it is necessary that health services invest in raising awareness among the population about the importance of vaccination.