ORAL MANIFESTATION THAT THE PATIENT WITH HIV/AIDS MAY PRESENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Oral lesions often occur in patients infected with the immunodeficiency virus (HIV), thus being able to be the first representation of the disease, which makes it important to the initial diagnosis made by a dental surgeon is indispensable. HIV infection can result in the development of AIDS, which is characterized by the failure of the system, making it easier to be affected by other opportunistic diseases of the more varied etiological agents, such as fungi, viruses and/or bacteria. The first manifestations were recorded approximately in the early 1980s, the oral lesions in the infected patient with this virus are normal findings, and several times determinant in the diagnosis, control and failure to measure the disease. This happens because the virus connects to a T lymphocyte cell membrane component (CD4), directly affecting the system of the body's immune system, once the virus binds to this compound, it uses the cell to replicate, thus altering its genetic code that had never been the same again, making the individual vulnerable to any type of attack on his body, including the oral cavity, site that has a very diversified flora and a large number of viruses, bacteria and fungi that live in harmony governed by the immune system. Seropositive patients can develop various oral and peribuccal lesions, which are not unique to virus carriers, but which occur most frequently when associated with immunosuppression. Fungal infections most prevalent are Candidiasis and Angular Cheilitis, bacterial infections Disease Periodontal and Ulcerative Gingivitis, Viral infections Herpes Simplex and Leukoplakia Pilosa Oral and neoplastic lesions Sarcoma de Kaposi.