INSTITUTIONAL SEPARATION BETWEEN MILITARY POLICE FORCES AND FIRE DEPARTMENTS IN BRAZIL: DESCRIPTION AND COMPARISON OF THE IMPACTS ON HUMAN AND LOGISTICAL MANAGEMENT OF THE CORPORATIONS

Abstract

The article analyzes the relationship between the integration or separation of the Military Firefighter Corps (CBMs) and the Military Police (PMs) and their impacts on the responsibilities and efficiency of these institutions in Brazil. The debate surrounding the institutional emancipation of the CBMs remains current; however, comparative studies evaluating the concrete effects of this separation are still scarce, particularly regarding operational effectiveness, personnel management, and logistical allocation. The research adopts a descriptive-comparative approach, examining the structure of the CBMs across Brazilian federal units based on the Federal Constitution, state legislation, and data obtained through the Access to Information Law (LAI) and the 2023 Public Security Institutions Profile Survey (PISP). The results indicate a significant discrepancy between the personnel structure and logistical capacity of the CBMs in comparison to the PMs, suggesting that institutional autonomy tends to promote greater professional recognition and a stronger sense of belonging among personnel. It is concluded that emancipation, although relevant, does not automatically guarantee structural advances or improvements in service delivery. In order to produce positive effects, it must be accompanied by consistent public policies aimed at strengthening human resources and modernizing logistics, thereby contributing to the reduction of federative asymmetries.