INFECTIOUS AND NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN THE BLUE-FRONTED AMAZON Amazona aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758): LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The increasing legalization of wild birds as companion animals has intensified the need for knowledge regarding appropriate husbandry practices and preventive medicine to promote their welfare and reduce the occurrence of captivity-related diseases. In this context, the Blue-fronted Amazon (Amazona aestiva) stands out as one of the most popular psittacine species in Brazil due to its widespread presence in licensed breeding facilities and its high demand as a companion animal. This study aimed to review the scientific literature on the main diseases affecting captive A. aestiva, addressing their etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, preventive measures, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis. To achieve this, national and international scientific articles, literature reviews, and case reports related to the topic were analyzed. The findings indicate that infectious, parasitic, metabolic, and nutritional diseases represent important causes of morbidity in this species and are frequently associated with inadequate husbandry, improper nutrition, chronic stress, and poor sanitary conditions. Therefore, the dissemination of scientific knowledge regarding these diseases contributes to early diagnosis, the implementation of preventive measures, and improvements in the health and welfare of Blue-fronted Amazons maintained under human care.