CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY: THE ROLE OF VALACYCLOVIR IN THE FACE OF GAPS IN CLINICAL MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading cause of congenital viral infection worldwide and an important cause of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss. Despite its clinical relevance, universal screening and antiviral treatment during pregnancy are still not widely recommended, especially in Brazil. This article aimed to evaluate the available evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of valacyclovir use during pregnancy in cases of primary CMV infection, as well as its impacts on neonatal outcomes and its applicability in the current clinical context. This is a narrative literature review carried out through searches in PubMed and the Virtual Health Library databases, including studies published within the last 10 years. The findings demonstrated that early use of high-dose valacyclovir may significantly reduce vertical transmission, presenting a favorable safety profile. However, diagnostic limitations, lack of therapeutic standardization, and gaps in clinical guidelines still restrict its widespread application. In conclusion, valacyclovir appears to be a promising strategy in the management of CMV infection during pregnancy.