DISCIPLINARY SANCTIONS APPLICABLE TO ATHLETES INVOLVED IN MATCH-FIXING

Abstract

Match-fixing in sports, especially in the context of football, has become a growing and worrying phenomenon, intensified by the expansion of the sports betting market. Given this scenario, this study aims to analyze in depth the disciplinary sanctions applicable to athletes involved in match-fixing in Brazil, examining the Brazilian Code of Sports Justice, decisions of sports tribunals, and comparing this legal treatment with the parameters established by international organizations and tribunals, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures in promoting sporting integrity. This is a qualitative research study, developed through bibliographic review and document analysis, based on recent scientific publications and legislation relevant to the topic. The results show that the most frequent sanctions include prolonged suspensions, bans, and fines, applied based on the severity of the conduct and the need to preserve sporting integrity. However, weaknesses are identified in the sanctioning system, especially regarding the difficulty of proof, the limited scope of sports justice, and the absence of specific criminal classification for match-fixing in the Brazilian legal system. Furthermore, the complexity of the criminal networks involved requires integrated action between sports entities, betting operators, and state bodies. It is concluded that, although disciplinary sanctions play an essential role in suppressing these practices, their effectiveness depends on institutional strengthening, legislative improvement, and the adoption of preventive measures, such as integrity programs and sports education. Thus, addressing match-fixing demands a multifaceted approach capable of articulating repression, prevention, and cooperation among the various actors involved in the sports ecosystem.