INFLUÊNCIA DA TERAPIA NUTRICIONAL NA DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Nutrition plays a relevant role in the evaluation and treatment of kidney disease, since individualized dietary guidance aims to assist in the control and prevention of possible complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a disease with irreversible characteristics of kidney function, usually related to diabetes mellitus and hypertension, which may progress to a more intense stage, called end-stage renal disease (ESRD). When it reaches this stage, kidney functions are null, so treatment through hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) becomes necessary in order to replace kidney functions. Due to the hemodialysis process, the loss of nutrients is considered one of the relevant causes for malnutrition, since in this process water-soluble vitamins, peptides and amino acids are lost. Therefore, the nutritional status of these patients is a matter of concern and a challenge for the multidisciplinary teams that care for them. The present study has a bibliographic and descriptive character, where searches were made in databases over the last six years. Thus, patients with chronic kidney disease, for being susceptible, need constant monitoring to reduce the aggravations of the disease, and it is necessary to adjust the intake of some nutrients such as protein, calcium, potassium, phosphorus and sodium, aiming to ensure improvement in the patient's nutritional status. Thus, we emphasize the importance of adequate nutritional therapy, aiming to enable improvement in the recovery and maintenance of the nutritional status.