PRIMARY CARE NURSING INTERVENTIONS: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSIVE SYNDROMES

Abstract

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, representing a significant public health issue. This study aimed to analyze and synthesize scientific evidence regarding nursing interventions in the prevention, early detection, and management of these conditions within Primary Health Care. This is an integrative literature review conducted using the PubMed and SciELO databases, including studies published between 2021 and 2025. The final sample consisted of 17 articles. The results showed that the main nursing actions include patient education, blood pressure monitoring, identification of risk factors, and prenatal follow-up. Regarding early detection, systematic screening, gestational risk classification, and health education were the most frequently reported strategies. Additionally, educational interventions were found to significantly contribute to the prevention of complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction. However, gaps in nursing practice were identified, including weaknesses in educational actions, professional overload, insufficient training, and lack of standardized protocols. It is concluded that nursing plays a fundamental role in reducing maternal-fetal complications, highlighting the need to strengthen continuing education, healthcare organization, and health promotion strategies in prenatal care.