CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN THE INDIGENOUS POPULATION OF THE STATE OF TOCANTINS: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

Congenital toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, constituting an important public health problem, especially among populations in situations of social vulnerability. The present study aimed to analyze the occurrence of congenital toxoplasmosis among Indigenous populations in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, from 2019 to 2025. This is an epidemiological, descriptive, and retrospective study conducted using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). Variables such as total number of cases, temporal distribution, sex, municipalities of residence, and municipalities of notification were analyzed. The results showed a total of 28 reported cases, with a higher concentration in the years 2019 and 2023, a predominance of females, and a greater frequency in municipalities that function as regional health care hubs. No defined seasonal pattern was observed, although the month of September presented the highest number of notifications. It is concluded that congenital toxoplasmosis among Indigenous populations in Tocantins reflects socio-environmental inequalities and weaknesses in access to health services, reinforcing the need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance actions and qualified prenatal care.