TECHNOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL BARRIERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TELEMEDICINE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Abstract

Telemedicine has been established as an important tool to expand access to healthcare services, reduce regional inequalities, and optimize health system resources. However, its implementation still faces significant challenges, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to analyze, through a review of recent literature, the main technological, structural, organizational, and social barriers related to the implementation of telemedicine in these contexts, with a focus on realities similar to Brazil. Limitations were identified regarding digital infrastructure, unequal access to technology, lack of adequate professional training, and gaps in academic education in digital health. In addition, ethical, legal, and operational aspects also present relevant challenges. The results demonstrate that, despite the great potential of telemedicine to improve access to healthcare, its effective implementation depends on strengthening technological infrastructure, training professionals, and creating public policies aimed at digital inclusion. It is concluded that overcoming these barriers is essential to consolidate telemedicine as a strategy to expand access to healthcare and modernize health systems in developing countries.