NURSING PRACTICE IN THE PREVENTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF POSITIONAL ASYMMETRY IN NEWBORNS

Abstract

Positional cranial asymmetry (PCA) is an acquired condition characterized by changes in the cranial shape of newborns, commonly associated with positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly. This condition is related to factors such as inadequate sleep positioning, restricted cervical mobility, prolonged use of infant positioning devices, and early motor limitations. In this context, nursing plays a strategic role in both prevention and early identification of PCA, acting from the neonatal period through follow-up in child healthcare services. This study aimed to analyze the role of nursing in the prevention and early identification of positional cranial asymmetry in newborns. An integrative literature review was conducted using the LILACS, SciELO, and BDENF databases, covering publications from 2020 to 2025, available in full text in Portuguese and English. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight studies were selected for analysis. The findings demonstrated that nursing plays a central role in clinical surveillance of cranial shape through systematic assessments, longitudinal monitoring, and early identification of risk factors. Parental education emerged as the main preventive strategy, including guidance on proper positioning, alternating head positions, supervised tummy time, and reducing prolonged use of restrictive devices. The results highlight that structured nursing interventions and evidence-based guidance contribute to reducing the incidence and severity of positional cranial asymmetry. It is concluded that strengthening nursing practices through continuous professional training and standardized care protocols is essential for promoting healthy cranial development and supporting overall infant growth and well-being.